Q41. What is the syntax of a basic testng.xml file?
Answer:
A basic testng.xml file is used to configure and organize TestNG test execution. It allows you to define test suites, tests, and classes.
Syntax:
xml
<suite name=”MySuite”>
<test name=”MyTest”>
<classes>
<class name=”com.project.tests.LoginTest”/>
<class name=”com.project.tests.DashboardTest”/>
</classes>
</test>
</suite>
Key Tags:
- <suite>: Defines the test suite.
- <test>: Represents individual test configurations.
- <classes>: Contains a list of classes to be executed.
- <class>: Specifies the fully qualified class name of a test.
Q42. What is group execution in TestNG and how to achieve it?
Answer:
Group execution in TestNG allows you to organize and execute a subset of test methods using groups. This is helpful in categorizing tests like “smoke”, “regression”, “sanity”, etc.
Step-by-step Example:
java
@Test(groups = {“smoke”})
public void loginTest() {
// code
}
@Test(groups = {“regression”})
public void dashboardTest() {
// code
}
In testng.xml:
xml
<test name=”GroupExecution”>
<groups>
<run>
<include name=”smoke”/>
</run>
</groups>
<classes>
<class name=”com.project.tests.LoginTest”/>
<class name=”com.project.tests.DashboardTest”/>
</classes>
</test>
Benefits:
- Execute specific sets of tests
- Efficient testing during CI/CD
Q43. What is parallel execution in TestNG and how to configure it?
Answer:
Parallel execution in TestNG enables running multiple tests or methods simultaneously, speeding up test execution time.
In testng.xml:
To run methods in parallel:
xml
<suite name=”ParallelTestSuite” parallel=”methods” thread-count=”3″>
<test name=”ParallelMethods”>
<classes>
<class name=”com.project.tests.ParallelTest”/>
</classes>
</test>
</suite>
- parallel=”methods” → Executes test methods in parallel.
- thread-count=”3″ → Number of concurrent threads.
To run tests in parallel:
xml
<suite name=”Suite” parallel=”tests” thread-count=”2″>
<test name=”Test1″>
<classes>
<class name=”com.project.tests.TestClass1″/>
</classes>
</test>
<test name=”Test2″>
<classes>
<class name=”com.project.tests.TestClass2″/>
</classes>
</test>
</suite>
Q44. How to perform cross-browser testing in Selenium using TestNG?
Answer:
Cross-browser testing ensures your application works across different browsers. Using TestNG and the @Parameters annotation, we can pass browser types from testng.xml.
Step-by-step:
java
@Parameters(“browser”)
@BeforeMethod
public void setUp(String browser) {
if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase(“chrome”)) {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
} else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase(“firefox”)) {
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
}
}
In testng.xml:
xml
<test name=”ChromeTest”>
<parameter name=”browser” value=”chrome”/>
<classes>
<class name=”com.project.tests.LoginTest”/>
</classes>
</test>
<test name=”FirefoxTest”>
<parameter name=”browser” value=”firefox”/>
<classes>
<class name=”com.project.tests.LoginTest”/>
</classes>
</test>
Q45. How to disable a test method in TestNG?
Answer:
To disable or skip a test method temporarily in TestNG, use the enabled=false attribute in the @Test annotation.
Example:
java
@Test(enabled = false)
public void skipThisTest() {
// This test will not run
}
Use Case:
- Skipping tests temporarily for debugging
- Avoid running unstable tests
Q46. How to execute the same test multiple times in TestNG?
Answer:
Use invocationCount attribute in @Test to execute the same test method multiple times.
Example:
java
@Test(invocationCount = 5)
public void repeatTest() {
System.out.println(“Running multiple times”);
}
- This test will execute 5 times.
- Helpful for load testing or retry logic.
Q47. What is Assertion in TestNG? Provide examples used in real-time.
Answer:
Assertions in TestNG are used to validate expected vs actual outcomes. If the assertion fails, the test fails.
Common Assertions:
java
Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle);
Assert.assertTrue(isElementVisible);
Assert.assertFalse(isErrorDisplayed);
Assert.assertNotNull(driver);
Real-time Example:
java
String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, “Dashboard”);
boolean logoVisible = driver.findElement(By.id(“logo”)).isDisplayed();
Assert.assertTrue(logoVisible);
Q48. What is @Parameters in TestNG and how to use it?
Answer:
@Parameters allows you to pass values from testng.xml into test methods.
Usage:
java
@Parameters({“username”, “password”})
@Test
public void loginTest(String user, String pass) {
System.out.println(“Username: ” + user);
}
In testng.xml:
xml
<parameter name=”username” value=”admin”/>
<parameter name=”password” value=”admin123″/>
Benefits:
- Externalize test data
- Useful for cross-browser or environment configurations
Q49. How to run the same test method with multiple data sets using DataProvider?
Answer:
Use @DataProvider to supply multiple sets of data to a test method.
Example:
java
@DataProvider(name = “loginData”)
public Object[][] dataSet() {
return new Object[][] {
{“admin”, “admin123”},
{“user”, “user123”}
};
}
@Test(dataProvider = “loginData”)
public void loginTest(String username, String password) {
// Use data in test
}
Benefits:
- Enables data-driven testing
- Reusable for multiple test cases
Q50. What is @Listeners in TestNG and how is it used?
Answer:
@Listeners in TestNG allows you to implement custom code during test execution events (like test start, success, failure).
Steps:
- Create a listener class:
java
public class CustomListener implements ITestListener {
public void onTestFailure(ITestResult result) {
System.out.println(“Test Failed: ” + result.getName());
}
}
- Register listener:
java
@Listeners(CustomListener.class)
public class MyTestClass {
@Test
public void testMethod() {
Assert.fail(); // Triggers onTestFailure
}
}
